Pardon my slightly poetic and Shakespearean inspiration in the title but I am pretty much sure if Hamlet were to be real and alive today, he would have uttered pretty much the same words. A lot has been written, said, heard and experienced about the Covid-19 pandemic which hit us nearly an year ago and is now hitting us harder the second time around in April 2021. It is a deja-vu of sorts, infact scarier, with the same mistakes being repeated by many of us. At the risk of sounding alarmist and pessimistic, I will say that unless we learn and improve, Covid will not stop teaching us the lesson, making sure we suffer more such waves in future. I am a General and Laparoscopic Surgeon with special interest in Laser treatments of Varicose Veins and wouldn’t call myself an expert on this topic. Despite that, I still thought of sharing my perspective which is shaped by my medical and surgical training, and an experience of nearly 18 years in clinical practice. To some extent, it has also been compelled by the frantic, harrowing queries from my patients and friends amidst the raging second wave that we are presently suffering. I will discuss few of the common questions and practical situations which many of us are facing.
(1)”I had mild fever/common cold like symptoms for only 2 days, took Paracetamol tablet and now I feel better except for some weakness. I don’t think there is any reason to worry.”
Honestly, there is every bit of reason to worry. During these pandemic times, any fever should be considered as Covid unless proven otherwise. By now, we know that majority of those who get Covid infection will get a mild disease and recover. But these ‘mild cases’ can spread the virus in the first 8 to 10 days. So, it is necessary to get tested for Covid and isolate oneself for minimum 10 days from the day symptoms start (please, please keep a track of the first day when the symptoms start). Remember that your ‘mild’ disease can spread the infection to an elderly person in your family or a friend with diabetes/ hypertension/ heart disease and be the reason for their ‘severe’ disease and in unfortunate circumstances, even their death.
Also, one has to remember that Covid causes the ‘cytokine storm’ in the second week of it’s infection. The virus multiplies in the human body in the first week and it is in the second week that it causes the person’s immune system to go haywire (one can compare it to an ‘electrical short circuit’ of sorts), which leads to blood clotting in various organs. Depending on the organ where this blood clotting occurs, patients then present with serious problems such as – breathlessness and low oxygen levels (clotting in lungs), chest pain (clotting in the blood vessels of heart leading to a heart attack), severe abdominal pain (pancreas getting affected), sudden swelling of the leg (blood clotting in leg veins) – to name a few. Hence, it is important to get tested and start treatment in the first week of symptoms.
Some of the symptoms which can indicate the disease taking a turn for the worse are :
– Fever which is not subsiding
– Continual dry cough
– Feeling breathless and oxygen saturation on pulse oxymeter below 94% at rest
– Severe weakness (these patients are unable to walk even a few steps)
This may sound basic and repetitive but it is important to remember that in the first week Covid can cause any one or more of the following symptoms :
– Fever (it may be mild, lasting for only a day or two)
– Nasal blockage or Runny nose
– Throat pain
– Loss of appetite
– Bodyache
– Severe weakness
– Abdominal pain/Vomiting/Diarrhoea
– Redness of eyes (conjunctivitis)
– Loss of smell, taste (these patients generally end up getting a ‘mild’ disease)
(2)”My Covid test is negative. I need not worry.”
In my practice, I come across many patients who tend to consider blood and other medical investigation reports as infallible. For some, everything mentioned in the report is the only truth. Then again, it would be wrong to expect the patients or relatives to know the pitfalls of investigations. The point I am trying to make is that – all medical investigation reports need to be correlated with the patient’s clinical condition.
In case of Covid-19, a negative Rapid Antigen Test which is done at many Government centres (since it is cheap and gives report in a short time), does not rule out infection. It has to be confirmed with a RT-PCR test which is the gold standard. Then again, there are cases when even the RT-PCR test is negative and the patient may still have Covid infection – the reasons may vary from poor swab collection, testing done too early (on Day 1 or 2 of symptoms) or a mutant strain of coronavirus (it is being said that RT-PCR test may fail to pick up the new variants; however, this is a mere speculation presently and not yet confirmed). If such a patient with negative RT-PCR report has clinical symptoms, it is better to repeat the test or get a CT scan of the Chest done. The doctor treating you is the best judge for this.
(3)”I will do a CT scan of Chest instead of RT-PCR to diagnose if I have Covid infection.”
Over the last year and even now, I have come across many patients who prefer to get a CT scan of Chest done to diagnose their suspected Covid infection. Avoiding social stigma and government institutional quarantine are some of the common reasons. Amidst the spiralling second wave, non-availability of RT-PCR testing facility due to excessive load on the laboratories is another reason. But then, just like with RT-PCR test, a patient may have a normal CT scan report and yet be Covid positive. Hence, it is ideal to get a RT-PCR test done first and CT scan of Chest only if deemed necessary by your treating doctor. It is important to remember that in some cases, the CT scan may reveal Covid changes only in the second week with rapid progression in few.
(4)”My Ct value in RT-PCR test is low. I need to get hospitalized.”
The Cycle threshold (Ct) value in RT-PCR test is merely indicative of disease infectivity or viral load in the patient. Lower the Ct value, higher the viral load in the patient and higher the chance of spreading infection to others. However, many patients correlate Ct value on RT-PCR test with disease severity. They panic if this value is low and seek unnecessary hospitalization.
It would be worthwhile remembering that alongside Ct value of RT-PCR test and CT scan of Chest, clinical evaluation by your doctor and in some cases, assessment of blood investigations such as CBC, CRP, LDH, Ferritin, D-dimer and Interleukin-6 levels are also very much important before one decides the severity of Covid infection. These blood investigations give a better idea if the patient’s disease is worsening and heading towards a cytokine storm.
(5)”My RT-PCR test is positive/CT shows Covid changes. I have to get admitted.”
The Government and Covid Task Force has given clear guidelines regarding home isolation, institutional quarantine and hospitalisation. Following are some of the clinical criteria for getting hospitalized :
– All symptomatic patients above 60 years
– All symptomatic patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cancer, asthma, kidney disease, liver disease
– Fever not subsiding for 5 days or more despite initial treatment with oral medications
– Feeling breathless and oxygen saturation on pulse oxymeter below 94% at rest
– Severe weakness (these patients are unable to walk even a few steps)
– CT Scan Chest : Score of 18 or more (after assessment by your doctor)
– Grossly abnormal blood investigation reports (after assessment by your doctor)
But there are all sorts of patients and many a times the protocols are breached. On one hand, those with utter disregard tend to neglect their symptoms and fail to get hospitalized on time leading to disastrous result. Then there are those with mild disease who can be treated with home isolation but prefer to remain hospitalized out of sheer panic. Unless, the Government officials and private healthcare providers work in unison, and unless the people themselves act wisely, the “bed availability” issue will always remain the Achilles heel of our Covid management, especially amidst such resurgent wave.
(6)”I need Remdesivir injections urgently for my hospitalized patient. I need blood plasma from a recovered patient to treat mine.”
It has been extremely distressing to see relatives run from pillar to post for procuring Remdesivir injections and at obnoxious costs in this hour of crisis. I am not an authority to comment on the administrative aspect of this issue but patients and relatives need to remember that Remdesivir is just one aspect of the Covid treatment. The medicine only works to reduce the viral load in the initial replication phase of 8 to 10 days. Also, the scientific data so far has not proven that Remdesivir decreases the chances of mortality; it only helps to decrease the hospital stay in some cases. Steroids and medications to prevent blood clotting, which are freely available and given to all moderately ill hospitalized patients, are the more important aspects of treatment to help prevent the cytokine storm. So, do not worry excessively if you fail to procure Remdesivir – your patient still has a good enough chance of survival. The same is true for convalescent plasma therapy (blood plasma from a person who has recovered from Covid recently). The plasma therapy is no longer recommended by the Covid Task Force in moderate/ severe disease, since it does not help in reducing mortality.
(7)”I am not sure if I should take the Covid vaccine and which one?”
Covid-19 vaccines is a topic of discussion in it’s own and the technicalities are beyond the scope of this blog. Yes, there are lot many doubts about their efficacy, the rare complications associated with some vaccines, the chance of infection despite vaccination (the chances are very less and even if this does happen, the disease will be a mild one), the possibility of taking booster shots and many others. However, it is important to understand that the last pandemic which probably matches Covid-19 in it’s scale is the Spanish Flu of 1918 which ended only after infecting one-third of the world population and causing millions of deaths. Any such pandemic will only decline once the majority develop immunity to the virus. Vaccination will help us achieve this earlier and with far lesser deaths. Time and again, scientists and medical researchers have saved humanity from dreadful diseases with novel medicines and vaccines (polio, smallpox are some shining examples). We need to keep faith in their efforts and get vaccinated at the earliest opportunity with the one readily available.
(8)”I was infected with Covid. I am now protected. I need not take Covid vaccine.”
Again, this is a misconception. There are doubts regarding the duration of immunity after Covid-19 infection. The same has been confirmed with many getting reinfected in the second wave. Hence, it is advisable to get vaccinated even if one has had Covid infection in the past. Currently, there is no recommended duration of interval for vaccination after recovering from Covid infection. But the natural immunity from infection decreases over time. Considering this, one may get vaccinated anywhere between 8 to 12 weeks after recovery.
(9)”Should I take Ayurvedic kaadha/inhale steam or variety of natural ingredients/ consume Homeopathy medicines/follow home remedies such as drinking turmeric milk, applying coconut oil in nose etc to protect myself from Covid?”
The efficacy of all such home remedies cannot be proven scientifically. But in my opinion, there is no harm in following them as long as one observes the 3 golden rules :
– Use of Face Mask once outside the home.
– Maintain social distancing and avoided crowded places as much possible.
– Meticulous hand sanitation at regular intervals.
(10)”When will this pandemic end..?”
This is a question haunting us all. Again, one can only speculate about it. The pandemic will cease when majority of the world population (atleast 50% and above) develops immunity to the virus. As mentioned earlier, vaccination will help achieve it faster and with far lesser deaths. At the present rate of vaccination and if they deliver efficacy as expected, we can hope that by the end of 2022 the world starts getting back some semblance of the pre-Covid ‘normalcy’. The end of the pandemic, though, will not be a big bang moment. It will be a gradual process – one individual, one country at a time given the enormous physical and emotional toll it has taken. Also, the end of pandemic will not mean disapperance of the virus. The SARS-CoV2 will merely become endemic (like the influenza and other coronaviruses) and may cause seasonal/sporadic outbursts. It will be necessary to track new infections, do the genomic sequencing to keep a track of new variants if any and adapt our policies accordingly. To quote Margaret Thatcher – “You may have to fight a battle more than once to win it.”
(11)”The Covid pandemic is an organised plan unleashed with ulterior motive (and umpteen such unverified or disturbing news about Covid on social media).”
Undoubtedly, the relentless pandemic has taken a great deal of physical, financial and mental toll on humanity. However, the human mind too is relentless in it’s pursuit of reasons for a particular occurence, especially of such magnitude. Blaming an external source for our suffering, rather than introspection, is easier and kind of soothing. Only time will bring forth the real reasons for the pandemic but on a philosophical note, I feel that the Covid-19 pandemic is merely the Universe holding a mirror in front of us. Humanity was never so divided in the recent past along the lines of race, religion and nationalism. Covid has reflected the distanced and fractured human race with it’s now hallmark “social distancing”. It is infact making us humans ache to get back together. Such irony!
The incessant social and electronic media coverage of Covid-19, on many occasions, adds to our frayed nerves. I suggest few things which can be done to negotiate through these testing times (honestly, I too struggle and keep trying) :
– Consciously avoid reading and watching negatively toned news. Allot a set, limited time each day to catch up on current developments. Print media and reliable digital news apps are sufficient in this regards. Take a break from the WhatsApp, Facebook and Twitter universities.
– Make sure you eat right and healthy. Keep your weight in check.
– No matter how busy you are with “work from home” or how unmotivated you are feeling, make sure you indulge in physical exercise atleast 30 minutes daily. Let this be a sacrosanct habit. Many are developing various physical ailments due to the forced sedentary lifestyle in the pandemic.
– Do not binge watch television or over indulge in your cellphone. Spare some time for your hobby, be it reading/ music/ play time with kids etc.
– Maintain a regular sleep schedule at night where you get atleast 6 to 7 hours of sound sleep.
– The constant fear of contracting Covid, the lack of socialising and vacations and the overall sense of ‘losing freedom’ are all taking a toll on us. If possible, spend few minutes every day in silence with your God. Realize that there is always someone who is suffering more and is fighting a harder battle. Pray for the less fortunate and be thankful for everything you have. Know that, like every other natural calamity, this too shall pass. The real question, however, is – whether all this immense suffering will leave humanity wiser or instead make it self indulgent than ever before leading to the same mistakes over and over again. Guess, only time will answer that one.
Very well written Ashish – enjoyed reading ! Well
Compiled and very thorough – great information for all
Thanks a lot for guidance. Very useful information. Keep it up. Good Job done.
Thanks a lot once again.
It was really very informative
Very informative blog! You have just answered all the questions/statements on current situation. I personally gone through Covid condition and there were so many questions like what to do and how to handle it. This blog absolutely helped me to understand the exact situation. Thank you!
Thank you doc.. Simple, very Informative and did answer many of my questions..
Very well written and a lot informative. Really we need to do our bit to end the pandemic rather then depend on administration and others to reduce it…
Thank you Ashish for sharing detail information on covid-19
Appreciate your efforts done on R&D… you have already answered couple of my questions through your brief synopsis 👍
Thanks & Regards
Bhupen
Dr it’s really informative article very precise & in a nutshell about the current alarmingly growing @ rocket speeding scenario of Covid-19. It’s the only n only open truth that the human man-kind should strictly & sincerely abide & adhere by the protocol given to us in order to overcome this devastating situation…
Thanks 👍 😊
Really good and informative article.
Thank you Ashish sir. It is very informative and needs to be shared with more people. Some part of the blog has information about which i was completely clueless.
Thank you so much for this blog.. Sharing it with my people..
All the best!
Very thoughtful and helpful information in this time when lot of rumours surfacing on social media.
Thank you
Dr. Ashish, it’s a very narrative and detail description. As I have experience covid myself and with few others in my family , felt like all the questions were answered… The questions you have selected are the ones which we have in mind starting from symptoms to post vaccine.
I totally belive that this article will help a lot of people and hence have forwarded it to my contacts.
Do keep writing such blogs for the greater good and thanks for all the information.
God bless
Ar. Manisha kulkarni
Very informative.Queries of major concern answered to the point.Many Thanks.
Nice ashish…. Very good article and very informative too…..
Congratulations Dr for a very informative article on the present pandemic situation. You also helped us to clear many myths about the disease
Dr. It was really good and informative article 👍😊
Thanks for writing this, Ashish…
Informative, nicely presented and well articulated….
Very informative! Thank you .
Nice article, very informative 👌👏👍
Really a good consolidated explanation for all queries one may have with regard to Covid19. Enjoyed reading and added many thing to knowledge. Thx.
Really informative .. thank you doctor …
That was indeed an eye opener and what perfect time to read this .. thank you so much for the facts that you put straightforwardly and were simple.
It was relatable and worth every fact that answered the simplest of our queries and gave solutions to our anxieties.
Finding solutions is always the key. They say hope can move mountains.. so let’s together hope and have faith that we will overcome this positivity.
Thank you Ashish for writing this.
Thanks Manisha for sharing 👍
Sir’ Truely inspiring & innovative clearing the true ways to fight n overcome with this Covid pandemic.
Please keep us all updated with further such valuable notes to all of us.
My best wishes to you n your family also each staff’s of Samata to help us in this covids.
Stay safe & All the best.
Hello sir, this is a very detailed and helpful blog post. I am glad to have come across this and I plan on sharing this credible insight to people around me. It is crucial at a time like these to be educated and informed about the ongoing pandemic.
– Rhea Bose (Coventry Uni, UK)
Well written and informative blog.
Answers to most widely asked questions are explained in a clear and concise manner.
Very informative and answered many of my questions
Very useful information. Keep it up. Good Job.
Sir it’s very useful information
Very much informative. Thanks for sharing.
Very informative blog and cleared many of the doubts
Thank you doctor for such lucid analysis. Thou hast answered most of our doubts.
Extensive and useful writing for readers.
Well written Ashish
Thank you doctor for such Honest and forthright opinions on our FAQs..
Good one Ashish.Nice. keep updating Thanks
Very good content. Everything summed up in a single post.
Dear Ashish.
Went through briefly at 1st. Found very informative. Destroyed all myths. Lat
Comment got cut abruptly. Continuing…..
Later started reading comprehensively. Made good info.
Good job.
Nice article and very usefull information anyone can understand and follow the track. Thanks Dr. Ashish
Thanks for sharing. Very insightful and informative. Quick question – if a person has had the first dose of vaccine and then at the time of the second dose (6 to 8 weeks after first dose), there is a scarcity of the second dosage (as is apparently happening) – would the person need to take the first dose again and restart the cycle?
As we know, in India two Covid vaccines are available – Covishield (manufactured by Serum Institute of India; it is same as the Astrazeneca one available in Europe and elsewhere) and Covaxin (manufactured by Bharat Biotech).
Following the recent directives by the Central government, in Maharastra the second dose of Covishield vaccine is now being given between 6 – 8 weeks after the first (initially it was at 4 weeks). For Covaxin, the second dose is still being given 28 days after the first dose, as was being done earlier.
There is currently limited information on the effectiveness of receiving the second shot earlier or later than recommended. Presently,
if you do receive your second shot of COVID-19 vaccine earlier or later than recommended, you do not have to restart the vaccine series. This guidance might be updated as more information becomes available.
Thanks a lot for the information. Almost all stages are explained in deep. My experience with one of my family member that taking a kadha has helped a lot to avoid blockage in chest specially ashwagandha is Th main content in the kadha.
But medicines are required in any case.
Taking enrich vitamin c through Amla juice in empty stomach helps immune system to become better
Thank you Doctor for such informative article.
Wonderfully written Article !!! And very insightful and true too.
Great piece of writing here.
Very informative and eye opener
Very informative in a nutshell
Well written article and has covered all major doubts related to Covid 19. Thank you Ashish. Looking forward for more such articles in the future.
Sir🙏
Excellent information and Best wishes💐for your research
Very informative and have covered all points related to this and ppls doubts n misconceptions.
Quite informative with balanced approach of to be concerned about but not fearful, to be alert and not to be over or extra caucious and paranoid.
Very Informative and useful article. Everything is mentioned in detail about Covid 19, all my doubts have been cleared up. Thank you so much for sharing this article Dr. Ashsih.
Take care and Stay Safe !!
Very good, ready reckoner for all my confused covid pts.